• Where the bonded reinforcenlent is fixed at reasonably close centres within the tension zone (spacing ≤ 5( c + Φ/2), cf. Figure 7.2), the maximum crack spacing s r,max may be calculated as follows: s r,max = k 3 c + k 1 k 2 k 4 Φ / ρ p,eff (7.11) where: Φ is the bar diameter. Where a mixture of bar diameters is used in a section, an equivalent diameter,, should be used. C is ρ p,eff see the difference of the mean strains above k 1 is a coefficient which takes account of the bond properties of the bonded reinforcement: k 1 = 0,8 for high bond bars, k 1 = 1,6 for bars with an effectively plain surface (e.g.
Prestressing tendons). K 2 is a coefficient which takes account of the distribution of strain: k 2 = 0,5 for bending, k 2 = 1,0 for pure tension.
Foreword to Commentary to Eurocode 2 and Worked Examples. More detailed design rules may be offered, consuming more calculation time, but. DESIGN FORMULAS DERIVATION FOR THE CRACKING LIMIT STATE. Wall dimensions and actions on the wall (surcharge outside the foundation footing).
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Intermediate values of k 2 should be used for cases of eccentric tension or for local areas: k 2 = ( ε 1 + ε 2)/(2 ε 1) (7.13) where ε 1 is the greater and ε 2 is the lesser tensile strain at the boundaries of the section considered, assessed on the basis of a cracked section. K 3 is a Nationally Determined Parameter, see k 4 is a Nationally Determined Parameter, see. • Where the spacing of the bonded reinforcement exceeds 5( c + Φ/2) (cf. Figure 7.2), or where there is no bonded reinforcement within the tension zone, the maximum crack spacing s r,max may be calculated as follows: s r,max = 1,3( h - x) (7.14) where: h is the overall depth of the section (see ) x is the neutral axis depth of the section (see ). This application calculates the crack width w k from your inputs. Intermediate results will also be given.
First, change the following option if necessary.
CRACK WIDTH CALCULATIONS ACCORDING TO EUROCODE 2 Eurocode 2 (EN1992-1-1) proposes equations for the calculation of crack width, taking into account several parameters, like the concrete and steel strain and reinforcing bar diameters. According to Eurocode 2, the crack width, w k, can be calculated from the following equation: wk = sr,max (εsm –εcm), where sr,max: the maximum crack spacing εsm: the mean strain in the reinforcement under the relevant combination of loads, including the effect of imposed deformations and taking into account the effects of tension stiffening. Only the additional tensile strain beyond the state of zero strain of the concrete at the same level is considered εcm: the mean strain in the concrete between cracks • The difference εsm –εcm can be calculated from the following expression:, where: σs: the stress in the tension reinforcement assuming a cracked section. For pretensioned members, σs may be replaced by Δσp the stress variation in prestressing tendons from the state of zero strain of the concrete at the same level. Αe: the ratio Es/Ecm ρp,eff (As + ξ1 2 Ap’)/Ac,eff,where Ap‘ is the area of pre or post-tensioned tendons within Ac,eff.